Psychedelic Research Chemicals or RC Chems are new synthetic substances which are structurally similar to the original drug, while being functional analogs. Data on their effects limited due as they’re fairly new and do not have a lot of human consumption history.
Psychedelics are substances (natural or laboratory made) which cause profound changes in a one’s perceptions of reality. While under the influence of hallucinogens, users might hallcuniate visually and auditorily.
This is a commonly used substance with well known effects, but that does not guarantee the substance will be safe. The safety profile has been established based on usage data commonly reported by others.
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Description
DOM Also known as:
- (R)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4
-methylamphetamine
- (2R)-1-(2,5-Dimetho
xy-4-methylphenyl)- [German][ACD/IUPAC Name]2-propanamin
- (2R)-1-(2,5-Dimetho
xy-4-methylphenyl)- [ACD/IUPAC Name]2-propanamine
- (2R)-1-(2,5-Dimétho
xy-4-méthylphényl)- [French][ACD/IUPAC Name]2-propanamine
- (2R)-1-(2,5-dimetho
xy-4-methylphenyl)p ropan-2-amine
- (R)-2-(2,5-Dimethox
y-4-methyl-phenyl)- 1-methyl-ethylamine
- 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-
methyl-phenyl)-1-me thyl-ethylamine
- 2,5-DIMETHOXY-4-MET
HYLAMPHETAMINE
- 43061-13-8[RN]
- Benzeneethanamine,
2,5-dimethoxy-α,4-d [ACD/Index Name]imethyl-, (αR)-
- DOM[Formula]
- LX3MC6OB9X
- STP[Formula]
- (-)-1-(2,5-Dimethox
y-4-methylphenyl)-2 -aminopropane
- (2R)-1-(2,5-dimetho
xy-4-methyl-phenyl) propan-2-amine
- [(1R)-2-(2,5-dimeth
oxy-4-methyl-phenyl )-1-methyl-ethyl]am ine
- 15588-95-1[RN]
- 2,5-DIMETHOXY-4-MET
HYLAMPHETAMINE, (R)-
- PDSP2_000453
- r-2,5-dimethoxy-4-m
ethylamphetamine
- UNII:LX3MC6OB9X
- UNII-UKI9MLD5OI
The most popular psychedelic amphetamine due to its pleasant effects, lower potency and shorter duration. Effects have been described as ‘sillier’ than LSD and related DOX chemicals
Summary
DOM is a member of the DOx family of compounds which are known for their high potency, long duration, and mixture of psychedelic and stimulant effects. It produces its effects by acting on serotonin receptors in the brain. DOM was first synthesized and tested in 1963 by Alexander Shulgin.
It attained some popularity during the summer of 1967 under the name “STP” (“Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace”), but its use was short-lived due to its side effects. In 1991, the synthesis and pharmacology of DOM was published in Shulgin’s book PiHKAL (“Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved”). .
Over the years, DOM has gained a reputation for being a highly dose-sensitive psychedelic that is often sold on blotting paper and known for its strong visuals, body load and neutral, analytical headspace. Many reports also indicate that the effects of this chemical may be overly difficult to use for those who are not already experienced with psychedelics.
History
DOM is part of the so-called "magical half-dozen" which refers to Shulgin's self-rated most important phenethylamine compounds, all of which except mescaline he developed and synthesized himself. They are found within the first book of PiHKAL and are as follows: Mescaline, DOM, 2C-B, 2C-E, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7. In mid-1967, tablets containing 20 mg (later 10 mg) of DOM were widely distributed in the Haight-Ashbury District of San Francisco under the name of "STP" (short for "Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace"). This short-lived appearance of DOM on the black market proved disastrous for several reasons.
First, the tablets contained an excessively high dose of the chemical. This, combined with DOM’s slow onset of action (which encouraged some users, familiar with substances that have quicker onsets, such as LSD, to re-dose) and its remarkably long duration, caused many users to panic and sent some to the emergency room. Second, treatment of such overdoses was complicated by the fact that it was unknown at the time that the tablets called “STP” were DOM.
Chemistry
Amphetamines are substituted phenethylamines containing a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain and a methyl group bound to the alpha carbon Rα.
DOM contains methoxy functional groups (OCH3) attached to carbons R2 and R5 and a methyl group attached to carbon R4 of the phenyl ring. DOM is the amphetamine analogue of the phenethylamine 2C-D.
Common Name | (R)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine |
Systematic name | (R)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamph |
Formula | C_{12}H_{19}NO_{2} |
SMILES | Cc1cc(c(cc1OC)C[C@@H](C)N)OC |
Std. InChi | InChI=1S/C12H19NO2/c1-8-5-12(15-4)10(6-9(2)13)7-11(8)14-3/h5,7,9H,6,13H2,1-4H3 |
Std. InChiKey | NTJQREUGJKIARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Avg. Mass | 209.2848 Da |
Molecular Weight | 209.2848 |
Monoisotopic Mass | 209.141586 Da |
Nominal Mass | 209 |
ChemSpider ID | 9910656 |
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Dose Chart
Oral | |
---|---|
Light | 1-2.5mg |
Common | 2.5-5mg |
Strong | 5-7.5mg |
Heavy | 7.5mg+ |
Duration Chart
DOM Duration Data | |
---|---|
Onset | 2-4 hours |
Duration | 8-30 hours |
After-effects | 12-24 hours |
Interactions
Caution
- Mescaline
- NBOMes
- 2C-x
- 2C-T-x
- 5-MeO-xxT
- The 5-MeO class of tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions, particularly increasing the risk of unpleasant physical side effects.
- Cannabis
- Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.
- MXE
- As an NMDA antagonist MXE potentiates DOx which can be unpleasantly intense
- MDMA
- The combined stimulating effects of the two can be uncomfortable. Coming down on the MDMA while the DOx is still active can be quite anxiogenic.
- Caffeine
- High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating it may cause some physical discomfort.
- MAOIs
- MAO-B inhibitors can increase the potency and duration of phenethylamines unpredictably
Dangerous
- DXM
- The DOx class as psychedelic stimulants have the potential to mask the effects of DXM and could lead to redosing to an unsafe level. DXM can also potentiate DOx resulting in an unpleasantly intense experience.
- PCP
- Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
- Amphetamines
- The combined stimulating effects of the two can lead to an uncomfortable body-load, while the focusing effects of amphetamine can easily lead to thought loops. Coming down from amphetamines while the DOx is still active can be quite anxiogenic.
- Cocaine
- The combined stimulating effects of the two can lead to an uncomfortable body-load, while the focusing effects of cocaine can easily lead to thought loops. Coming down from cocaine while the DOx is still active can be quite anxiogenic
- Tramadol
- Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.
Low Synergy
- Alcohol
- Drinking on stimulants is risky because the sedative effects of the alcohol are reduced, and these are what the body uses to gauge drunkenness. This typically leads to excessive drinking with greatly reduced inhibitions, high risk of liver damage and increased dehydration. They will also allow you to drink past a point where you might normally pass out, increasing the risk.
- GHB/GBL
- Benzodiazepines
- SSRIs
No Synergy
- Opioids
- No unexpected interactions.
High Synergy
- Mushrooms
- LSD
- DMT
- Ketamine
- Ketamine and psychedelics tend to potentiate each other - go slowly.
- N2O
Legal Status
Internationally, mescaline is part of the the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 as a Schedule I substance.
Sources
References
- Shulgin, Alexander (1991). PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. Berkeley, CA: Transform Press. pp. 53–56.
- "STP's faster, here's why". Berkeley Barb, June 16-22, 1967. 3-5 (Independent Voices) | http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgi-bin/independentvoices?a=d&d=BFBJFGD19670616.1.3
- http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal.shtml
- http://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=62
- http://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=68
- Sanders-Bush, Burris, KD; Knoth, K, (September 1988). "Lysergic acid diethylamide and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine are partial agonists at serotonin receptors linked to phosphoinositide hydrolysis" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2843634
- Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089
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- New Psychoactive Substances (National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre 2014) | https://comorbidity.edu.au/sites/default/files/cre/page/New Psychoactive Substances.pdf
- http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/3115436/(1)RDC_130_2016_.pdf/fc7ea407-3ff5-4fc1-bcfe-2f37504d28b7
- Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, Statutes of Canada (1996), c. C-19). Item 19.3. [1]
- "Fünfte Verordnung über die den Betäubungsmitteln gleichgestellten Stoffe" (in German). Bundesanzeiger Verlag. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
- "Anlage I BtMG" (in German). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
- "§ 29 BtMG" (in German). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
- Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem (2,5-Dimetoksifeniletānamīni) | http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086
- https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/201512010000/812.121.11.pdf
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Resources
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Springer Nature 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") and its stereoisomers as reinforcers in rhesus monkeys: serotonergic involvement
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Springer Nature 5HT-2 mediation of acute behavioral effects of hallucinogens in rats
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Springer Nature A characteristic effect of hallucinogens on investigatory responding in rats
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Springer Nature A comparison of the discriminative stimulus properties of R-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (R-DOM) and S-amphetamine in the rat
-
Springer Nature Agonist activity of LSD and lisuride at cloned 5HT2A and 5HT2C receptors
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Springer Nature An hallucinogenic amphetamine analog (DOM) in man
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Springer Nature Assessment of tolerance to the hallucinogenic effects of DOM
-
Springer Nature Behavioral and neurochemical pharmacology of six psychoactive substituted phenethylamines: mouse locomotion, rat drug discrimination and in vitro receptor and transporter binding and function
-
Springer Nature Behavioral and neuropharmacological analysis of amphetamine and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine in rats
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Springer Nature Choroid plexus epithelial cells in primary culture: a model of 5HT1C receptor activation by hallucinoginic drugs
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Springer Nature Discriminative stimulus properties of pizotifen maleate (BC105): a putative serotonin antagonist
-
Springer Nature Dissociation of multiple effects of acute LSD on exploratory behavior in rats by ritanserin and propranolol
-
Springer Nature Effects of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) and quipazine on heroin self-administration in rhesus monkeys
-
Springer Nature Effects of 5HT-1A agonists on locomotor and investigatory behaviors in rats differ from those of hallucinogens
-
Springer Nature Functional role of 5-HT2 receptors in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness in the rat
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Springer Nature Hallucinogens as discriminative stimuli in animals: LSD, phenethylamines, and tryptamines
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Springer Nature Interactions of metergoline with diazepam, quipazine, and hallucinogenic drugs on a conflict behavior in the rat
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Springer Nature Interactive effects of mGlu5 and 5-HT2A receptors on locomotor activity in mice
-
Springer Nature LSD but not lisuride disrupts prepulse inhibition in rats by activating the 5-HT2A receptor
-
Springer Nature MDA and DOM: Substituted amphetamines that do not produce amphetamine-like discriminative stimuli in the rat
-
Springer Nature Mefloquine and psychotomimetics share neurotransmitter receptor and transporter interactions in vitro
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Springer Nature Preparation of N-[11C]methyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine
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Springer Nature Role of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs II: reassessment of LSD false positives
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Springer Nature Serotonergic/glutamatergic interactions: the effects of mGlu2/3 receptor ligands in rats trained with LSD and PCP as discriminative stimuli
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Springer Nature The action of tryptamine on the dog spinal cord and its relationship to the agonistic actions of LSD-like psychotogens
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Springer Nature The discriminative stimulus properties of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM): Differentiation from amphetamine
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Springer Nature The time-dependent stimulus effects of R(-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methamphetamine (DOM): implications for drug-induced stimulus control as a method for the study of hallucinogenic agents
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The Merck Index Online cs000000007710
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Thomson Pharma 00485877
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VulcanChem VC203073
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Wikipedia 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine
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xPharm 7725
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